The grain drying process is a crucial step in post-harvest management, as it ensures that the grain reaches the right moisture content for optimal processing. One of the most important parameters for optimizing the drying process, minimizing consumption and achieving the best quality level, is the drying temperature.
Mecmar, which has been building and assisting in fielding grain dryers around the world for more than 45 years, is well aware of the complexities and needs of the end customer. And to best address them, it has developed high-performance dryers that are flexible for any type of grain and to be installed in any geographical and weather conditions.
Follow us in the article to discover some expert tips on how to properly set the temperature to dry your crop!
Why is the drying temperature important?
Temperature is among the best indicators for monitoring the drying process, in particular it is important to measure the temperature of the drying air and the temperature of the grain. Fundamental then is the choice of temperature measurement point, which if not detected correctly can cause poor drying. Probes selected over time and installed at the right point are the best tools for tracking the drying process.
In fact, thanks to temperature we monitor the amount of heat transferred from the air to the grain:
- if the air temperature is too high, the drying process is likely to be too fast and damage the grain
- while if the air temperature is too low, the drying process is too slow and the dryer dries little grain
The importance of choosing the right drying temperature for grains is paramount. Different grains require different temperature ranges for effective drying, But the choice of drying temperature is not just about moisture reduction: it is a choice that affects grain quality, energy consumption, and drying time.
For example, wheat, one of the most widely grown grains especially in areas such as North America, Europe, and parts of Asia, has a drying temperature range of 60 to 100°C, depending on its intended use (whether to produce seed or human or animal food). Exceeding these temperatures can result in reduced germination capacity, starch damage, and protein denaturation.
Rice also has its typical drying temperatures with an air temperature range of 35 to 55°C. Exceeding this range means causing micro-cracks in the rice grain, leading to breakage during milling and an overall loss of quality.
For barley, on the other hand, a drying temperature of 50-65°C is recommended for barley is intended for malting, while if it is barley for feed the grain can be dried even with an air temperature of 100°C. Excessive temperatures can adversely affect germination, a critical factor especially for malting barley.
It is worth emphasizing the importance that the temperature be uniform and constant throughout the drying process. This avoids the formation of hot hotspots and inhomogeneity in the mass, resulting in storage difficulties.
Discover performance and functionality of Mecmar dryers
Mecmar’s commitment to achieving the perfect balance of grain drying is evident in the design and functionality of its dryers. Recognizing that the grain drying process is not unique, Mecmar dryers are equipped with state-of-the-art temperature control systems and properly designed and tested baffles to ensure optimal air flow as well as even distribution throughout the grain mass to be dried.
Another of the main features of Mecmar’s solutions is the advanced sensor technology, which constantly monitors grain moisture levels and drying temperatures. In some cases, it is also possible to combine the temperature sensor with a moisture sensor that continuously monitors grain moisture as the dryer is being used. This real-time feedback allows instantaneous adjustments to be made, ensuring that grains are dried evenly and within their optimum temperature range. This not only preserves grain quality, but also results in energy savings as the dryer operates at maximum efficiency.
In addition, Mecmar’s design prioritizes ease of use. With intuitive interfaces and robust automation features, operators can set the desired parameters, confident that the dryer will deliver consistent results batch after batch, limited to a “simple” monitoring and control intervention.
In conclusion…
The temperature of both the air and the grain throughout the drying process plays a key role in determining the outcome of the drying process. With stakes as high as grain quality and storage duration, there is no room for compromise.
Here are the five tips a farmer should follow when determining grain drying temperatures:
- Know the type of grain. Different types of cereals have distinct optimal drying temperature ranges. For example, wheat generally requires a temperature range of 60-100°C, rice 35-50°C, and barley 50-65°C for malting or 100°C for human or animal feed.
- Monitors the moisture content of grains. The goal is to achieve grain moisture levels that are safe for storage, usually around 12-15%. The drying temperature should be adjusted according to the initial moisture content of the grain and the rate at which it is intended to be brought to the desired level.
- Privilege even drying. Uneven drying can lead to over-dried sections, causing grain damage, while under-dried portions can cause spoilage during storage.
- Beware of overheating. High temperatures can damage proteins and starches, reduce germination capacity, and increase grain breakage.
- Calibrate and service your dryer regularly. Check temperature sensors, control systems regularly to make sure it is working accurately and efficiently.
Mecmar dryers testify to the company’s dedication to excellence in grain drying: contact us to receive more information from our team.
